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EPCOS 2008. Reproduction, publication dissemination this publication, enclosures hereto information contained therein without EPCOS' prior express consent prohibited.
Application notes Areas application CTVS
wide selection types available cover very different requirements protection level load capability. Easy handling attractive price/performance ratio have made CTVS components from EPCOS successful just about every area electrical engineering electronics. table below summarizes them: Telecommunications Private branch exchanges Telephone subscriber sets Telephone pushbutton modules Teleprinters Answering sets Power supply units Transmitting systems machines Modems Cellular (mobile) phones Cordless phones Chargers kits Data processing Data lines Ethernet Laptops Personal computers Interfaces ports Microcontrollers ASIC resets Keyboards Power supply units Automotive electronics Lighting systems Gear management Load-dump protection Anti-skid brake systems Trip recorders Radios Engine control units Generator rectifiers Central locking systems Trip computers Wiper motors Power window systems Airbag electronics phones Seat memories Engine management roofs Electro-hydraulic brakes Flexray Stepped protection Microelectronics EMI/RFI suppression Entertainment electronics players/recorders High-definition Flat screen Beamers Handy cams Digital cameras Home theater systems Slide projectors Power supply units HIFI equipment Set-top boxes Digital video boxes players HDMI Household electronics Washer controls Dimmers Lamps Quartz clocks Electric motor tools Thermostats Replacement Semiconductor suppressor diodes Zener diodes/TVS diodes Capacitors Application specific integrated passives (ASIP)
Note: semiconductor devices like diodes, thyristors triacs paralleled with EPCOS CTVS protection, they with lower reverse-voltage strength. This leads significant cost reduction factor that really makes circuit competitive.
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Automotive applications
automotive industry poses some toughest demands electronic components: high operating temperature, high energy transients, fast data transmission, etc. meet higher requirements automotive applications, EPCOS created special product series. These comply with RoHS qualified based AEC-Q200 Rev. range CTVS components suitable automotive applications includes product series multilayer varistors (MLVs, automotive series), disk varistors AUTO types) leaded transient voltage/RFI suppressors (SHCVs). They meet following requirements: Size: CT0603 1210, CN0603 2220 Operating voltage: VRMS Multilayer varistors (MLV automotive series): components with AgNiSn terminals tested based AEC-Q200, Rev. Some types satisfy AEC-Q200 requirements. delta analysis available request. disk varistors AUTO types): components tested based AEC-Q200, Rev. AEC-Q200 specifications satisfied. delta analysis available request. Leaded transient voltage/RFI suppressors (SHCVs): components qualified based AECQ200, Rev. specifications stated AEC-Q200 satisfied. delta analysis available request. Other products from CTVS range unsuitable automotive, medical other applications that require extremely high level operational safety, especially malfunction failure CTVS could present danger human life health (e.g. accident prevention, life-saving systems, automotive battery line applications). These products from CTVS range however used automotive applications such incar multimedia, entertainment, electronic comfort convenience, although depending concrete purpose, requirements components customer's specification. general, when CTVS components used, essential observe component's specifications instructions processing, important notes, cautions warnings. Some applications, well product recommendation, listed below. 1.2.1 high energy transient protection
addition pulses, some automotive applications exposed higher energy transients such load dump. These conditions, well other pulse loads, mastered reliably using EPCOS automotive type varistors.
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Features protection according 10605/IEC 61000-4-2 Load dump capability Jump start capability Reliability based AEC-Q200-Rev. Varistors applications transient protection engine management, injection control unit, cooling control unit, electrohydraulic brake, ABS/ESP, airbag, roof, door module: CT0805S14BAUTOG CT1206S14BAUTOG CT1210S14BAUTOG CN1812S14BAUTOG CN1812S14BAUTOE2G2 CN2220S14BAUTOG CN2220S14BAUTOE2G2
Recommended varistors applications CT0805K25AUTO CT1206K25AUTOG CT1210K25AUTOG CN2220K30AUTOG CN2220K30AUTOE2G2 1.2.2
protection data systems
number electronic control systems automobiles increased dramatically recent years. Serial systems that interconnect controllers, sensors switches needed master growing complexity automotive electronics. Insufficient protection system pins leading causes failure device returns. EPCOS multilayer varistors offer solution this problem shown figure
Figure
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Electronic components often apart, that cannot implemented with central suppressor module alone. Instead have provide extra fine protection directly individual modules. Here energy absorption Joules some tens Joules adequate. EPCOS manufactures different multilayer varistor products that protect sytems. Figure illustrates concept with varistors.
Figure Complete concept with varistors automotive electrical system
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systems classified according data transmission rate shown table below. Classification data systems: Classification Data system Application example transmission rate kbit/s kbit/s kbit/s Mbit/s LIN, CAN/A, TTP/A Energy management, body convenience, intelligent sensors switches
Class Class Class
CAN/B, Airbag, injection control, central locking, CAN, TTP/B radio, displays CAN/C, Powertrain, safety vehicle dynamics, ABS, FlexRay, brake-by-wire, X-by-wire, multimedia D2B, MOST, Bluetooth
MOST FLEX
local interconnected network controller area network time triggered protocol digital data media oriented systems transport flexray
network protocol used serial data communication buses realtime applications that efficiently connect electronic control units (ECUs) automotive electronics. There usually more than electromotors luxury cars where architectures only keep wiring volume complexity under control, facilitating also failure diagnosis. Multimedia systems also gaining importance automotive electronics, since entertainment/information features modern cars increasingly integrated faster transmission data necessary. table below shows data rate different systems. Transmission rates multimedia data systems: System Bluetooth MOST IEEE 1394 Gigastart Data rate 723.2 kbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s 24.8 Mbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s 1.32 Gbit/s
Multimedia applications include driver information system, in-car entertainment, navigation, internet, audio, video, mobile phones.
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Requirements protective device: protection 10605, 61000-4-2 capacitance avoid signal distortion Varistors class data buses: CT0603K25G CT0603S17ALCG CT0603S17BCCG CT0603S20ACCG CT0805K17LCG Varistors class data buses: CT0603L25HSG CT0603S14AHSG 1.2.3 protection high-temperature applications (hybrid systems)
Under hood applications demand operating temperatures this reason, EPCOS offers high-temperature series, designed specially hybrid circuits near engine such systems generator control units. Requirements protective device: protection according AEC-Q200 Rev.C, 10605, 61000-4-2. High temperature capability °C). Varistors applications: CN0603S14BHTG CN0603S17BHTG CN0603K25HTG CN0603L25HTG5 1.2.4 Overvoltage protection suppression motors
Switching inductive loads lead overvoltages that become sources line interference well inductively and/or capacitively coupled interference. This kind interference suppressed using varistors connected flywheel circuit. However, sometimes capacitance varistors alone enough suppression. this reason EPCOS offers SHCV series, which specially well-suited radio-frequency interference suppression. These components comprised multilayer varistor connected parallel with multilayer capacitor offer transient protection suppression component. Requirements protective device: protection according AEC-Q200 Rev.C, 10605, 61000-4-2 High capacitance Load-dump capability Jump-start capability
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SHCV varistors noise suppression (RFI/EMI) surge suppression lines small electromotors (e.g. windscreen wipers, power windows, mirror, central locking, memory seat, roof): SR1K20M155X SR1S14BM155X SR1K20M225X SR2K20M155X SR6K14M224X Mobile phone applications
their small size high robustness, multilayer varistors, ESD/EMI filters CeraDiodes already being used ESD/RFI/EMI protection wide range mobile phone applications (see figure Some applications, requirements recommended types listed below.
Figure Typical applications CTVS protective devices mobile phones
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1.3.1
protection
occur when touching mobile phone. unwanted pulse damage components inside thus function. Multilayer protection devices used protect ESDsensitive components preventing damage board offer following features. protection 61000-4-2 level Ultra-low leakage current device capacitance Small package 1.3.2 ESD/EMI filtering
addition offering excellent protection, EPCOS created products that help suppress unwanted noise. These integrated ESD/EMI filters (2-fold 0405 audio filter 4-fold 0508 filter) designed efficient attenuation noise from signal lines that generated electromagnetic interference frequency carrier bands mobile phone. These products offer following features: Bidirectional protection level according 61000-4-2 level High attenuation GSM, CDMA, UMTS, WLAN, Bluetooth frequencies Small array package Functionality discrete components integrated device
Figure Typical applications multilayer ESD/EMI filters
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1.3.3
Application examples
1.3.3.1 Side keys, keypads bottom connectors most used interfaces mobile phone side keys keypads. When these keypads touched there high probability that enter phone. This could then damage electronic circuitry. Keypad modules also need filtering since they connected baseband processor main system board flexible PCB. This flexible acts antenna noise that could cause distortion digital signals transmitted through interface. Multilayer varistors ESD/EMI filters provide reliable ESD/EMI protection. single elements: CT0201S4AG, CT0201S4AHSG, CT0402L14G, CT0402L14UG, CT0402M4G, CT0402S14AHSG arrays: 2-fold (0405): CA04P2S17TLCG, CA04P2S14THSG 4-fold (0508): CA05P4S14THSG, CA05P4S17TCCG ESD/EMI filter: 4-fold (0508): CA05F4RC5LCM***G 1.3.3.2 Battery contact, charger, This low-voltage input used charge battery provide direct power circuits. This circuit could experience transients such with even higher energy (lightning, system surges). multilayer varistor optimal solution since surge protection capabilities beyond protection. single elements: CT0402L14G, CT0402L14UG, CT0603K14G (for higher surge current capability) 1.3.3.3 Memory card, card port main characteristic these interfaces high data rates Mbit/s 2.0). Thus very capacitance required protection components avoid signal distortion. case required filtering, filters (4-fold, 0508) offer perfect solution terms integrated protection filtering component. single element supply line: CT0402L14G single elements data lines: CT0201S4AHSG, CT0402S14AHSG, CT0402V150HSG arrays: 2-fold (0405): CA04P2S14THSG, CA04P2V150HSG 4-fold (0508): CA05P4S14THSG USB-Array (0506): CDA3C05GTH ESD/EMI filter: 4-fold (0508): CA05F4RC5LCM***G
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Figure port protection with 2-fold array single component
Figure port protection with special array CDA3C05GTH
Figure card memory card interface protection with 4-fold array 1.3.3.4 Antenna interfaces With frequencies between 2100 above, suppressor must present much impedance possible avoid attenuation signal quality damage intermodular distortion (IMD) communication signal. With ultra-low capacitance (below combined with insertion losses GHz, radio-frequency (RF) multilayer varistors designed protection circuits. single element: CT0402S5ARFG 1.3.3.5 Audio interfaces (microphone, speaker, head set) Most audio interfaces sensitive both noise. headset mobile phone example acts like dipole antenna, emitting picking noise from radio-frequency carrier signals. consequence, voice sound quality deteriorate case bands clicking pulse audible user earphone. possible minimize audio quality degradation implementing ESD/EMI filters close possible entry interference.
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integrated audio filter design offers substantially improved noise attenuation typically MHz. attenuation higher than wide frequency range covering frequency bands (850/900/1800/1900 MHz), UMTS 2100 bands GPRS/ WLAN Bluetooth frequency standards. ultra-low THD+N (total harmonic distortion noise) value less than 100dB (acc. audio filter provides high audio quality capabilities. audio filter offers both protection component. single element: CT0201S4AG array: 2-fold (0405): CA04P2S17TLCG ESD/EMI filter: 2-fold (0405): CA04F2FT5AUD***G
Figure Schematics audio circuits differential lines with ESD/EMI filter protection 1.3.3.6 module (LCM) camera Modern multiband mobile phones cover increasing number frequency bands that noise sources, interfering with nearby integrated circuits. This crucial, e.g. modules clamshell-style mobile phones, where camera CMOS sensor color connected baseband controller flexible PCB. This connecting cable antenna noise. appropriate filter this application will provide efficient attenuation carrier bands (typically between 2500 MHz), high cut-off frequency (f-3dB MHz) minimum group delay pass band, which offered EPCOS specially designed ESD/EMI filter arrays module camera applications. array: 4-fold (0508): CA05P4S17TCCG ESD/EMI filter: 4-fold (0508): CA05F4RC5LCM***G
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Figure Schematics module (LCM) interface with ESD/EMI filter 1.3.3.7 White/flash driver single elements LED: CT0201S4AG, CT0402M4G single elements driver: CT0402S17AG Consumer electronics data processing
Electronic systems circuits including integrated circuits (IC) sensitive overvoltage transients like pulses. These enter electric device when touching port when removing connector from port. pulse travels through connector into board. Once reaches PCB, pulse will propagate down data lines and/or power lines components Without sufficient protection latter become inoperable even destroyed. their particular importance special concern protect. EPCOS offering broad range CeraDiodes especially designed reliable protection consumer applications.
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1.4.1
universal serial (USB) become standard interface EDP. merger entertainment electronics, appearing more more electronic devices. extremely sensitive ESD. Data rates Mbps require extremely line capacitance avoid signal distortion. uses high-speed data lines. EPCOS offers broad spectrum CeraDiodes single array packages protect ports. following CeraDiodes passed compliance test: CeraDiodes Single elements 0201: CDS1C05GTH 0402: CDS2C15GTH 0402: CDS2C16GTH 0603: CDS3C16GTH 0603: CDS3C30GTH 1003: CDS4C16GTH Arrays 4-fold (0508): CDA4C16GTH 4-fold (0612): CDA5C16GTH data supply (1012): CDA6C05GTH offering protection both data supply lines data supply (0506): CDA3C05GTH offering protection both data supply lines
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Different scenarios CeraDiodes illustrated below:
Figure line protection with single CeraDiodes
Figure line protection with special array CDA3C05GTH
EPCOS CeraDiodes CDA6C05GTH CDA3C05GTH recommended protection both data supply lines ports shown figure
Figure High-speed arrays CDA6C05GTH CDA3C05GTH protecting ports both data supply lines
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compliant measurements:
Figure13 High-speed measurement (480 Mbit/s) with CDA3C05GTH
Figure High-speed measurement (480 Mbit/s) with CDA6C05GTH
Figure High-speed measurement (480 Mbit/s) with CDS2C16GTH
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1.4.2
IEEE 1394 (Firewire,
IEEE 1394 interfaces better known Firewire connectors computers, connectors between camcorder recorder. This interface comes versions: with lines another with four lines. transfer data rate Mbit/s (IEEE 1394a) Mbit/s (IEEE 1394b). CeraDiodes data line Single elements 0201: CDS1C05GTH 0402: CDS2C15GTH 0402: CDS2C16GTH 0603: CDS3C16GTH 0603: CDS3C30GTH 1003: CDS4C16GTH 0402: CDS2C05HDMI1 (0.6 0603: CDS3C05HDMI1 (0.6 Arrays 4-fold (0508): CDA4C16GTH 4-fold (0612): CDA5C16GTH
Figure IEEE1394 line protection single array CeraDiodes
CeraDiodes data line supply line Array, data supply (1012) CDA6C05GTH Array, data supply (0506) CDA3C05GTH
Figure IEEE1394 line protection with high- speed arrays CDA6C05GTH CDA3C05GTH
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1.4.3
HDMI
With advent flat panel displays (LCD plasma), HDMI have become established digital audio video interfaces between computers monitors (DVI) between players/recorders, set-top boxes, etc. sets (HDMI). Their high-frequency operation requires very low/ultra-low line capacitance avoid signal distortion. Single elements 0402: CDS2C16GTH 0603: CDS3C16GTH 1003: CDS4C16GTH 0402: CDS2C05HDMI1 (0.6 0603: CDS3C05HDMI1 (0.6 Array 0612: CDA5C16GTH
Figure line protection with CeraDiode arrays
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Figure HDMI line protection with CDS2C05HDMI1or CDS3C05HDMI1 HDMI 1.3a compliance test purpose this test ensure that protection components only minimally degrade differential transmission signal that properly detected such terminal after transmission. test mask moved left until violated, i.e. signal touches mask. Then signal jitter calculated. HDMI 1.3a specification requires that calculated data jitter less than TBIT data jitter 0.05 TBIT demonstrated test performed CeraDiode CDS2C05HDMI1.
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Figure HDMI 1.3a compliance test result (eye diagram) CDS2C05HDMI1 Differential transmission links used high-speed data transfer very sensitive terms impedance matching. only small parasitic capacitance (e.g. protection component) added line, total impedance reduces. According HDMI Compliance Tests Specification (CTS) HDMI receiver ports require differential impedance ±15%. Time domain reflectometry used measure impedance. Figure shows that impedance (see grey area, position protection component board) within specified band.
Figure HDMI 1.3a compliance test result (impedance measurement) CDS2C05HDMI1 Both CDS2C05HDMI1 CDS3C05HDM1 have passed HDMI compliance tests.
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1.4.4
Ethernet
10/100/1000 Ethernet standard connections. CeraDiodes Ethernet Single elements 0201: CDS1C05GTH 0402: CDS2C15GTH 0402: CDS2C16GTH 0603: CDS3C16GTH(3 0603: CDS3C30GTH 1003: CDS4C16GTH 0402: CDS2C05HDMI1 (0.6 0603: CDS3C05HDMI1 (0.6 Arrays 4-fold (0508): CDA4C16GTH 4-fold (0612): CDA5C16GTH
Figure Ethernet protection with array CeraDiodes
more details CeraDiodes refer special data book "CeraDiodes protection", ordering number EPC:62003-7600.
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