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www.semiconductors.philips.com
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2003
rights reserved. Reproduction whole part prohibited without prior written consent copyright owner. information presented this document does form part quotation contract, believed accurate reliable changed without notice. liability will accepted publisher concequence use. Publication thereof does convey imply license under patent- other industrial intellectual property rights.
date release: March 2003 document order number: 9397 11149
Published Netherlands
Applying Philips' Power Semiconductors portfolio multimarket applications
From power semiconductors complete solutions
today's ever increasingly complex system solutions, Philips MultiMarket Semiconductors portfolio, specifically discrete semiconductor offering, plays vital role.To give just brief overview some many benefits broad power MOSFET Bipolar products bring individual functions applications, have gathered together number brief application notes sectioned document. ease have sectioned applications various MOSFET Bipolar technologies, covering number power management control functions.The eighteen notes highlight benefits focus products from portfolio well illustrating just simple some these solutions are.
µTrenchMOS
Battery powered motor control
µTrenchMOS
Battery protection Li-ion powered applications
Description
Philips' µTrenchMOS family very small TSOP6 used control small motors range common applications such shavers electric toothbrushes, well variety industrial applications.The speed these small motors must remain constant whatever motor load, hence current through MOSFET varies during usage. used sense current through motor MOSFET, monitoring voltage developed across controller able maintain motor constant speed, irrespective load. circuit below MOSFET gate current limited spikes generated motor suppressed.
Description
Li-ion batteries modern hand-held equipment very common, with applications typically using between four cells depending individual power requirements. Protection cell(s) always necessary order prevent cell damage during instances over- under-charging shortcircuit conditions, protection scheme employed must able isolate battery from rest circuit.The circuit diagram below carries protection isolation function with safety constantly monitoring (dis)charge current voltage across cell.When cell being (dis)charged correctly, conduction will take place both MOSFETs (turned with very RDS(on)). When fault condition occurs, MOSFET will turned disconnecting Li-ion cell from rest circuit.
µTrenchMOSBattery Powered Motor Control Battery Protection Driver Stage TSOP6 DC/DC Converter
Benefits
Appropriate driving motors power range VGS(th) MOSFETs capable functioning battery voltages (even single cell powering), extremely small packages MOSFET snubber circuit required devices capable handling high peak currents voltages Efficient, very RDS(on) specifications means change motor speed voltage drops across MOSFET
Benefits
Very on-state resistance, hence very power loss switches Good switching performance Very small footprint package height threshold voltage enables MOSFET drive directly from battery voltage without charge pumps
MOSFETs
Active Load Backlight Supply Graphics Card
>100 MOSFETs
Active Clamp
Suitable Products
PMN34UN PMN27UN PMN40LN PMN55LN PMN34LN PMN28UN PMN45EN PMN23UN
Suitable Products
PMWD26UN PMWD16UN PMWD15UN PMWD30UN PMWD19UN PMWD18UN
Typical RDS(on) VGS=4.5 VGS=2.5 26.0 29.0 16.0 18.0 15.3 17.0 30.0 33.0 19.0 21.0 18.0 20.0 Configuration Isolated drain Isolated drain Common drain Isolated drain Isolated drain Common drain
Triacs Thyristors
Better speed control small universal motors Inductive load mains Lamp Dimmer Universal motor speed controller
Rectifiers Zeners
Avalanche protection freewheel diodes current electronic ballasts Energy saving snubber switch mode power supplies cost power supply with Philips Zeners snubbers overvoltage protection Ultrafast Hyperfast diodes Power Factor Correction High Power Applications Ultrafast Hyperfast diodes Power Factor Correction Power Applications Protection Control MOSFET flyback converters
PMWD26UN PMWD16UN PMWD15UN PMWD30UN PMWD19UN PMWD18UN
Circuit Diagram
Circuit Diagram
Vbattery pack load sensing Vbattery sensing
MSE147 MSE148
SAFETY
NE57600 NE57605 NE57607 SA57608
Battery
CONTROLLER
Vbattery pack load
µTrenchMOS
MOSFET gate driver stage DC/DC converters using TSOP6
MOSFETs
Active load circuit DC/DC conversion
MOSFETs
Backlight Supply
MOSFETs
Buck conversion high-end graphics cards (VGA)
Description
high-power DC/DC converters, synchronous rectification often used converter secondary side order improve efficiency minimise converter power loss.To facilitate fast efficient switching synchronous rectifier MOSFETs, MOSFET gate driver stages often used. Each driver stage consists N-channel P-channel MOSFET totem-pole configuration (Q3/Q4 upper power MOSFET Q5/Q6 lower power MOSFET Q2), gate driver circuits turn driven controller situated either primary secondary side converter.
Description
This circuit provides simple cost effective alternative `off-the-shelf' electronic load circuits ideal carrying efficiency testing low- medium-power DC/DC converters. single load section formed around SW1a, R2a, R3a, C3a, C4a, IC2a multiple load sections connected parallel achieve complete circuit capable sinking excess 10A. Switchable steps SW1, overall current also fine tuned adjusting VR1.
Description
following circuit ideal providing white backlighting supply example, cellular phones PDAs that powered from single battery cell. associated components form simple oscillator running approximately kHz. very threshold characteristics this oscillator will function with supply voltage less. LED(s) configured non-isolated flyback converter. `flyback' action provides sufficient voltage drive LED(s), whose forward voltage typically device. circuit also configured increased supply voltages e.g. supply LEDs, change
Description
Modern high-end graphics cards typically incorporate their fast, dedicated graphics processor (GPU) large amount memory. power consumption such graphics cards similar that complete motherboards from three years ago, with alone requiring approximate voltage supply usually derived from higher voltage (3.3 this case) synchronous buck DC/DC converter. Correct choice power MOSFETs DC/DC converter essential converter with acceptable temperature efficiency.The Philips PHK12NQ03LT PHK28NQ03LT MOSFETs ideal this application, available industry standard package, prevalent this application.
Benefits
Simple design extremely cost effective Little drift over time compared ordinary resistive loads power consumption battery powered thereby providing true `floating' load
Benefits
waveforms synchronous rectifier MOSFETs show less ringing under overshoot Better waveform stability compared with standard driver stages high current demands) Synchronous rectifier waveforms also more stable with MOSFET driver stage effect behaviour power switching circuit (compared with traditionally used driver components)
Benefits
Will power single, dual triple series with circuit values shown Operation with supply voltage which extended higher voltages Uses readily available components
Benefits
Efficiency equal leading industry requirements Very RDS(on) specification fast switching enables lower working temperatures Lower profile simplify compact design
Suitable Products
PHP78NQ03LT (Q1a) LM358N (IC2)
Suitable Products Suitable Products
PMN34UN PMN27UN PMN40LN PMN55LN PMN34LN PMN28UN PMN45EN PMN23UN Philips Si2302DS (Q1,
Suitable Products
PHK12NQ03LT PHK28NQ03LT
PHK12NQ03LT PHK28NQ03LT RDS(on) 10.5 @VGS
SiliconMAX series Power MOSFETs suitable MOSFET positions. series suitable MOSFET positions
Max. Typical RDS(on) VGS=10 VGS=4.5 VGS=2.5 VGS=1.8 36.4 max.
PMN34UN PMN27UN PMN40LN PMN55LN PMN34LN PMN28UN PMN45EN PMN23UN
Circuit Diagram Circuit Diagram
L1_1 Rgate1 gate gate CONTROLLER Rsense
Circuit Diagram
Circuit Diagram
additional load sections 78L05 SW1a
PHP78NQ03LT heatsink)
DC-DC Converter
Philips Si2302DS
Q905
(nominal)
(16V) additional load sections
VOUT "VCORE"
SC1102
(200 Q210
L2_2 Rgate2
IC2a LM358N
MSE154
Single switchable load section
MSE157
MSE159
MSE158
>100 MOSFETs
Active clamp AC/DC conversion
Triacs Thyristors
Improved speed control small universal motors
Triacs Thyristors
Inductive load mains
Triacs Thyristors
Lamp dimmer
Description
active clamp topology allows more efficient method transformer core reset isolated flyback forward converters. example forward converter, core reset traditionally achieved `RCD' clamp, resulting loss core magnetising energy dissipates resistive part clamp. active clamp circuit allows core magnetising energy recovered returned supply, improving overall converter efficiency.This achieved resonant circuit comprised transformer, CCLAMP MOSFET P-channel MOSFET with voltage rating -200 which negative gate drive derived from C1/D1 level-shift network shown circuit diagram absence suitable negative voltage rail. second benefit offered active clamp topology that voltage appearing across primary side switch MOSFET (Q2) reduced, compared other core reset methods.This also less variation with input voltage allowing lower voltage rated device used position.
Description
universal motor's speed drops rapidly when loaded. This effect emphasized further motor undersized subject intermittent overload, typical mixers, sewing machines power tools. half wave phase control circuit that uses Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) instead triac enables improved compensation motor changes load therefore helps maintain more constant speed given power setting. some applications bypass switch included connect motor directly mains supply full speed. However, difference motor speed between (half wave) conduction (full wave) conduction often great. degree filtering provided motor inductance capacitor. capable withstanding high repetitive surge current will required arduous applications such professional, heavy duty power tools.
Description
Occasions arise where load must powered from mains bridge rectifier. Examples include permanent magnet motors used small hand-held tools kitchen appliances, solenoid valves used home industry, etc. motors will most likely speed-controlled means triac phase control circuit.The solenoids also often triaccontrolled, with triac used solid-state switch apply full power only. both cases, load current extremely non-linear more closely resemble square wave than sine wave. This produces very high commutating current (dICOM/dt) triac. Most triacs will fail commutate under such conditions will experience uncontrolled conduction more half cycles after removal gate drive.The problem gets rapidly worse with increasing temperature. Such commutation failure avoided using Hi-Com (three quadrant) triacs exclusively. least sensitive options chosen series with mA), guaranteed reliable operation possible without need commutation aids like snubbers series dICOM/dt limiting inductors.
Description
Lamp dimmers must very compact generate little waste heat they usually housed extremely restricted space wall switch box. triac phase control circuit meet these requirements. Lamp brightness varied varying amount time each mains half cycle that lamp connected supply.This conduction time governed fast capacitor charges which turn controlled setting potentiometer. Because load resistive, offers smoothing filtering current waveform, harmonic distortion remains high.Therefore necessary include inductor attenuate harmonic currents, addition filter capacitor.
Benefits
Simple circuit Very compact Efficient heat generation Cost effective cost-critical applications Applicable lamp power e.g. 1000 simply select appropriate triac current rating* Severe current de-rating routinely applied extremely limited heatsinking very high potential inrush current cold filaments failing lamps
Benefits
Simple, compact circuit Cost effective Efficient heat generation Better speed maintenance load varies
Suitable Products
Active clamp (Q1) BSS192 (200 SOT89) BSP220 (200 SOT223) Primary side switch (Q2) PSMN063-150D (150 DPAK) PSMN085-150K (150 SO8) PHD12NQ15T (150 DPAK) PSMN130-200D (200 DPAK) PSMN165-200K (200 SO8) PHD9NQ20T (200 DPAK)
Benefits
Hi-Com (three quadrant) triacs require commutation aids such snubbers dICOM/dt-limiting inductors Simplest possible circuits Best reliability Most reliable operation high temperatures
Suitable Products
SCRs BT300 series BT151series BT152 series
Suitable Products
Four quadrant triacs BT136 series BT137 series BT138 series BT139 series BTA140 series Diac BR100/03 load 1250
Suitable Products
Diac BR100/03 Three quadrant triacs BTA204 range BTA208 range BTA212 range BTA216 range BTA225 range Diodes frequency diode from Philips' General Purpose Rectifier range.
Circuit Diagram
+VIN Cclamp (active clamp) (primary side switch)
MSE149
Circuit Diagram
Circuit Diagram
Circuit Diagram
MSE150
MSE152
filter components
Hi-com (three quadrant) triac
load current
switch closes full speed
High dIcom/dt
supply lamps
inducator
supply
(250 class
mains supply
V/div)
Diac
blocking voltage
inductive load
(250 class
MSE155
Diac
Four quadrant triac
1N4148
MSE172
MSE156
Triacs Thyristors
Universal Motor Speed Controller
Rectifiers Zeners
Avalanche protection freewheel diodes current electronic ballasts
Rectifiers Zeners
Energy saving snubber Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS)
Rectifiers Zeners
cost power supply with Philips Zener diodes
Description
Universal motors commonly used industrial commercial applications, well many appliances found home, where high-speed, low-cost ease speed control requirement. Typical applications include mixers, washers, power tools, laboratory equipment, sewing machines vacuum cleaners. Motor speed easily controlled varying average voltage applied it.This achieved very simply phase control circuit. Phase Controller varies amount time each mains half-cycle that voltage applied load, according setting potentiometer.The inductance motor provides some smoothing filtering load current, while capacitor provides additional filtering interference.
Description
Fast ultra fast soft recovery diodes with high avalanche energy capability required DC/AC converter some electronic ballast topologies.These diodes used freewheel diodes also avalanche protection. Protection required switch-on when over-voltage spikes occur across transistors T2.The reverse characteristics prevent transistors going into avalanche. Diodes also used across non-rugged MOSFETs.
Description
high efficiency power consumption increase importance there growing need energy saving snubber circuits.The snubber circuit below consists High Voltage (HV) capacitor ultrafast rectifiers.When MOSFET switched energy leakage inductance stored capacitor when MOSFET turned energy returned converter. line voltage capacitor 1000 rectifiers often used. parallel serial with optional reduce EMI.Typical diodes glass bead packaged BYV26C BYV26E higher power applications while BYG70J BYG80J available surface mount options.
Description
cost-effective, low-power AC/DC supply consumer domestic applications achieved with only minimal components.The circuit below example power supply used Philips toothbrushes.The mains rectified 1N4007 diodes stabilized regulated capacitor BZT03-91 Zener diode.The electromagnetic field produced induces voltage toothbrush battery charged. small sized power supply surface mount devices BZD27 (SOD87) BZG01 (SMA) series recommended. higher output powers glass bead Zener BZW03 used. Philips Zener diodes glass passivated this ensures failure rate when power dissipated reverse operation also stable Zener voltage even product ages.
Benefits
High avalanche surge capability increasing MTBF ballast (especially with SOD57/SOD64 package) Special voltage selections possible optimal matching transistor SOD64 package available with kinked leads easy mounting High maximum junction temperature makes product suitable operating spots
Benefits
Fast excellent soft recovery characteristics lead less power dissipation high switching frequencies High maximum junction temperature makes product suitable operating spots increases MTBF application Better soft recovery characteristics lead lower Small size glass bead package (SOD57/64) saves space circuit board
Benefits
Simple circuit Three quadrant triac requires Snubber Cost effective Efficient heat generation Applicable motor power e.g. mixer 1600 heavy duty vacuum cleaner simply select appropriate triac current rating* Half current derating been applied allow inrush overload currents allow non-ideal heatsinking environments.
Benefits
High reliability because failure rate Zener Stable output voltage stable function operation-time High operation temperature possible (max)
Suitable Products
BYD37 BYM26, BYM36 BYV26, BYV27, BYV28, BYV36, BYV95, BYV96 BYW95, BYW96 Examples transistor/diode combinations are: 2SC3795/BYV95C BUJ403BX/BYV96E
Series Type ERSM@Tj [mJ] Min1 Min2 30/50 50/100 10/7 10/8 1.67 [nsec] 30/75/150 30/75/150 100/150/250 100/150/250 250/300 Package
Suitable Products
BZG01 BZD27 BZT03 BZW03
Package BZG01 BZD27 SOD87 Ptot [W]1 range 10-270 7.5-510
Suitable Products
BYV26C BYM26C BYG70j BYG80j
Type BYV26C BYM26C BYG70j BYG80j Range IF(AV) [nsec] Package SOD57 SOD64 SOD106 SOD106
Suitable Products
Three quadrant triacs BTA204-B series BTA208-B series BTA212-B series BTA216-B series BTA225-B series Diac BR100/03 load 1380 1840 2875
BYV27 BYV28 BYV26 BYM26 BYV36 BYM36 BYV95 BYW95 BYV96 BYW96 BYD37
400/600 400/600 C/E/F C/E/F
SOD57 SOD64 SOD57 SOD64 SOD57 SOD64 SOD57 SOD64 SOD57 SOD64 SOD87
BZT03 SOD57 7.5-510 Leaded BZW03 SOD64 7.5-510 Device mounted epoxy-glass printed-circuit board, thick; thickness Cu-layer
Circuit Diagram
Datasheet specification Based lognormal distribution with
Circuit Diagram
Circuit
Circuit Diagram
Circuit 1N4007
Circuit Diagram
preset sets min. motor speed potentiometer user-adjustable adjusting motor speed between min. point maximum. Diac Three quadrant triac (IGT 50mA)
1200 BYW95*
Bridge Rectifier
MSE168
1600 BYV96E 1400
1/3R Additional Lamps
220-240
(160 1N4007
BZT03-91
Oscillator
Optional Baker Clamp 2/3R
supply
(250 preset class
Mosfet
BYV95C 1000 MSE151 BYV28-600
MSE167
1N4148
1/3R
2/3R
Start
MSE164
Battery
MSE163
Rectifiers Zeners
snubber circuits overvoltage protection
Rectifiers Zeners
Ultrafast Hyperfast diodes high-power Power Factor Correction
Rectifiers Zeners
Ultrafast Hyperfast diodes low-power
Rectifiers Zeners
Protection Control MOSFET flyback converters
Description
with protection Control MOSFET AC/DC flyback converters, power supplies between 20-200 snubber usually used protect MOSFET against over-voltages caused leakage inductance transformer. glass bead fast soft-recovery diodes (BYV26 BYM26) excellent application these circuits. Blocking voltage range from 1400 products withstand repetitive peak currents 21A. Alternatively, when higher peak currents required BYV27 BYV28 could used this position.
Description
Active Power Factor Correction (PFC) necessary reduce disturbance distribution net. Regulations such IEC10003-2/EN61000-3-2 impose restrictions Power Factor (PF) Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) high-power applications like off-line power supplies Telecommunications. boost converter placed after bridge rectifier transforms crest into resistive load with power factor equal very harmonic distortion. Important efficiency choice MOSFET diode. Usually high switching frequency chosen enable small sized inductor. high power applications boost converter usually operates `continuous conduction mode' this Philips recommends ultra hyperfast diodes.The BYV99/BYM99 world's fastest rectifiers, which enable switch frequencies kHz. lower frequencies BYV26C BYV27-600 used higher powers BYCxx (B)-600 series recommended.
Description
Please refer previous page description highpower Power Factor Correction important distribution. low-power applications boost converter usually operates `critical conduction mode' this mode Philips recommends ultrafast diodes with low-forward voltage.
Description
flyback converter most commonly used line converter supplies such battery chargers, stand-by power supplies, adapters, supplies consumer electronics most cases snubber used clamp circuit.The ZenBlocks designed protect control MOSFET flyback converters against over-voltages caused leakage inductance transformer.The ZenBlock connected over primary coil transformer consists blocking diode Zener diode integrated SOD87 package.The Zener diode available different voltages ranging from 200V. ZenBlocks used together with off-line controllers such NCP1200, MC33363 A/B, KA5x0165 RN/R IRIS4009.
Benefits
Ultrafast switching minimise turn-off switch losses forward recovery voltage minimise turn-on switch losses conduction losses Excellent soft recovery characteristics minimise power-consuming oscillations High maximum junction temperature makes product suitable operating high temperature
Benefits
Fast switching BYV/BYM types lead less power dissipation high switching frequencies High maximum junction temperature makes product suitable operating spots increases MTBF application Excellent soft recovery characteristics lead lower Small size glass bead package giving room high density applications
Benefits Suitable Products
BYD167 BYG26j US1J BYV26C BYG70j BYV160 BYG80j
Critical mode power diode selection guidelines Output power diode [kHz] BYD167 BYG26j BYD167 USIJ BYV26C BYG70j BYV160 BYG80j [nsec] Package SOD87 SOD124 SOD87 SOD124 SOD57 SOD106 SOD57 SOD106 Type BZD142W BZD142W BZG142 Range 68.100.160 180.200 68,91,100,120,150,160,180,200 IRmax Typical [nsec] >1000 Package SOD87 SOD87 SOD124
Benefits Suitable Products
BYV26 BYM26 BYV27 BYV28 World's fastest reverse recovery enable high frequency kHz) forward recovery voltage minimise turn-on switch losses Minimised keep conduction losses possible Excellent soft recovery characteristics minimise power-consuming oscillations High maximum junction temperature makes product suitable operating high temperature
Fewer components Accurate voltage clamping loads Saving energy standby 50%) Lower reduction clamp circuit length area Safe clamping during overload
Suitable Products
BZD142W BZG142
Range BYV26 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400 BYM26 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400 BYV27 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, BYV28 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, Square pulse, dutycyle
Type
IFRM max1
Typical [nsec] 30/75/150 30/75/150 25/50 25/50
Package SOD57 SOD64 SOD57 SOD64
Suitable Products
BYV26C BYV27-600 BYV99 BYM26C BYV28-600 BYM99 BYC5-600 BYV29-500 BYC8-600 BYC10-600 BYC10-600CT
Circuit Diagram
Continuous mode power diode selection guidelines Output power diode [kHz] BYV26C BYV27-600 BYV99 BYM99 BYM26C BYV28-600 BYM99 BYC5-600 BYV29-500 BYC5-600 BYC8-600 >400 50-200 BYC10-600 BYC10-600CT Also available D2PAK: ByxxB-600
BYV26/BYM26
[nsec]
Package SOD57 SOD57 SOD57 SOD64 SOD64 SOD64 SOD64 TO220AC* TO220AC TO220AC* TO220AC* TO220AC* TO220AB
Circuit Diagram
Circuit Diagram
Circuit
VCLM Lleak primary secondary
Bridge Rectifier diode
zenblock
load
BYV26/BYM26
Circuit Diagram
Circuit
VCLM
MSE173
Bridge Rectifier diode
CONTROL
MSE160
Mosfet
MSE153
MSE174
Mosfet
MSE165
MSE166
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