U4224B
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U4224B
Time-Code Receiver with Digitized Serial Output
U4224B bipolar integrated straight-through receiver circuit frequency range kHz. device designed radio-controlled clock applications.
Features
Very power consumption Very high sensitivity High selectivity using crystal filters Power-down mode available
Only external components necessary Digitalized serial output signal hold mode
Block Diagram
Power supply Decoder
7727
amplifier
Rectifier integrator
Figure
Rev. 15-Oct-98
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U4224B
U4224B
7729
Symbol
Function Supply voltage Amplifier Input Ground Bandwidth control Crystal filter Crystal filter Rectifier output Integrator output Decoder input Lowpass filter Lowpass filter hold mode Crystal filter Crystal filter Power ON/OFF control Time-code output
Figure Pinning
ferrite antenna connected between VCC. high sensitivity, factor antenna circuit should high possible. Please note that high factor requires temperature compensation resonant frequency most cases. Specifications valid optimal signal-to-noise ratio will achieved resonant resistance
resistor connected between GND. controls bandwidth crystal filters. recommended: 77.5 kHz, WWVB open JG2AS kHz.
8381
8379
Figure
Figure
(16)
Rev. 15-Oct-98
U4224B
Q1A,
order achieve high selectivity, crystal connected between Pins Q1B. used with serial resonant frequency time-code transmitter (e.g., WWVB, 77.5 JG2AS). equivalent parallel capacitor filter crystal internally compensated. compensated value about full sensitivity selectivity needed, crystal filter substituted capacitor WWVB JG2AS.
8378
hold mode: high (VSL VCC) sets normal function, (VSL disconnects rectifier holds voltage VINT integrator output also amplifier gain.
Figure
Figure
8382
Integrator output: voltage VINT control voltage AGC. capacitor between defines time constant integrator. current through capacitor input signal decoder.
8375
Rectifier output integrator input: capacitor between lowpass filter rectifier same time damping element gain control.
8374
Figure Figure
FLA,
Decoder input: Senses current through integration capacitor dynamic input resistance value about compared impedance Lowpass filter: capacitor connected between suppresses higher frequencies trigger circuit decoder.
8377
8376
Figure
Figure
Rev. 15-Oct-98
(16)
U4224B
Q2A,
According Q1A/Q1B, crystal connected between Pins Q2B. used with serial resonant frequency time-code transmitter (e.g., WWVB, 77.5 JG2AS). equivalent parallel capacitor filter crystal internally compensated. value compensation about additional improvement driving capability achieved using CMOS driver circuit transistor with pull-up resistor connected collector (see figure 14). When using CMOS driver, this circuit must connected VCC.
Pin16
Figure
8395
Figure
8383
connected GND, receiver will activated. set-up time typically after applying this pin. connected VCC, receiver will switch power-down mode.
Please note: signals voltages Pins REC, INT, FLA, FLB, Q1A, Q1B, cannot measured standard measurement equipment very high internal impedances. same reason, should protected against surface humidity.
Design Hints Ferrite Antenna
antenna very critical device complete clock receiver. Observing some basic design rules helps avoid possible problems. requires resonant resistance This achieved variation L/C-relation antenna circuit. easy measure such high resistances region. more convenient distinguish between different bandwidths antenna circuit calculate resonant resistance afterwards. Thus, first step designing antenna circuit measure bandwidth. Figure shows example test circuit. signal coupled into antenna inductive means, e.g., wire loop. measured simple oscilloscope using 10:1 probe. input capacitance probe, typically about should taken into consideration. varying frequency signal generator, resonant frequency determined.
8373
Figure
digitized serial signal time-code transmitter directly decoded microcomputer. Details about time-code format several transmitters described separately. output consists PNP-NPN push-pull-stage. should taken into account that power-down mode (PON high), will high.
8380
signal generator 77.5
Scope
wire loop Cres
Probe
7907
Figure
Figure
(16)
Rev. 15-Oct-98
U4224B
point where voltage signal probe drops frequencies then measured. difference between these frequencies called bandwidth antenna circuit. value capacitor Cres antenna circuit known, easy compute resonant resistance according following formula: circuit compared temperature variation resonant frequency. course, value also reduced parallel resistor. Temperature compensation resonant frequency must clock used different temperatures. Please your supplier antenna material capacitors specified values temperature coefficient. Furthermore, some critical parasitics have considered. These shortened loops (e.g., ground line board) close antenna undesired loops antenna circuit. Shortened loops decrease value circuit. They have same effect like conducting plates close antenna. avoid undesired loops antenna circuit, recommended mount capacitor Cres close possible antenna coil twisted wire antenna-coil connection. This twisted line also necessary reduce feedback noise from microprocessor input. Long connection lines must shielded. final adjustment time-code receiver carried pushing coil along antenna. maximum integrator output voltage VINT indicates resonant point. attention: load current should exceed that means input resistance measuring device required. Therefore, special isolation amplifier necessary.
where Rres resonant resistance, measured bandwidth Hz), Cres value capacitor antenna circuit Farad). high inductance values capacitor values used, additional parasitic capacitances coil must considered. value capacitor should problem high type used. value coil differs more less from resistance wire. Skin effects observed dominate.
Therefore, should problem achieve recommended values resonant resistance. thicker wire increases value accordingly reduces bandwidth. This advantageous order improve reception noisy areas. other hand, temperature compensation resonant frequency might become problem bandwidth antenna
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameters Supply voltage Ambient temperature range Storage temperature range Junction temperature Electrostatic handling Standard except Pins Symbol Tamb Rstg VESD Value 5.25 2000 Unit
Thermal Resistance
Parameters Thermal resistance Symbol RthJA Value Unit
Rev. 15-Oct-98
(16)
U4224B
Electrical Characteristics
reference point input signal frequency kHz, Tamb 25_C, unless otherwise specified Parameters Supply voltage range Supply current Test Conditions Without reception signal with reception signal mode Set-up time after amplifier input; Reception frequency range Minimum input voltage Rres Qres Maximum input voltage Input capacitance ground Timing code output; Output voltage HIGH RLOAD RLOAD Output current HIGH VTCO VCC/2 VTCO VCC/2 Decoding characteristics DCF77 based values application circuit fig. pulse width pulse width Delay compared with transient signal: drop down (start transition) rise pulse (end transition) rise pulse (end transition) WWVB based values application circuit fig. pulse width pulse width pulse width Delay compared with transient signal: drop down (start transition) rise (end transition) Symbol Min. Typ. Max. 5.25 Unit
ISOURCE ISINK t100 t200
Decoding characteristics
t200 t500 t800
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Rev. 15-Oct-98
U4224B
Electrical Characteristics
reference point input signal frequency kHz, Tamb 25_C, unless otherwise specified Parameters Decoding characteristics Test Conditions JG2AS based values application circuit fig. pulse width pulse width pulse width Delay compared with transient signal: start transition transition off) Power-ON/OFF control; Input voltage Required HIGH Input current Set-up time after hold mode; Input voltage Required HIGH Input current Rejection interference signals 77.5 using crystal filters using crystal filter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit
t200 t500 t800
Rev. 15-Oct-98
(16)
U4224B
Test Circuit (for Fundamental Function)
Test point: with high input line measuring voltage current conversion into voltage.
1.657V
Ipon 300k Stco Vtco
Spon
U4224B
Ivcc 100k
Sdec
STABILISATION
DECODING
Idec 100M
AGCAMPLIFIER
RECTIFIER
Vdec
Vrec
680p Srec Sint Vrec
420k
Vint Vint
Irec Figure
Iint
8384
(16)
Rev. 15-Oct-98
U4224B
Application Circuit 77.5
Control lines
Ferrite Antenna fres 77.5
77.5
Microcomputer
Keyboard
U4224B
77.5
Display
8279
used, connected 77.5-kHz crystal replaced activated, connected
Figure
Application Circuit WWVB
Control lines
Ferrite Antenna fres
Microcomputer
Keyboard
U4224B
Display
8278
used, connected 60-kHz crystal replaced activated, connected
Figure
Rev. 15-Oct-98
(16)
U4224B
Application Circuit JG2AS
Control lines
Ferrite Antenna fres
Microcomputer
Keyboard
U4224B
Display
used, connected 40-kHz crystal replaced activated, connected
7724
Figure
(16)
Rev. 15-Oct-98
U4224B
Information German Transmitter
Station: Frequency 77.5 kHz, Transmitting power Location: Mainflingen/Germany, Geographical coordinates: 0.1'N, 00'E Time transmission: permanent
Time frame minute
index count second
Time frame
coding when required
minutes
hours
calendar month week
year
7527
Example:19.35 seconds
Start
hours
minutes Parity Figure
Parity
Modulation
carrier amplitude reduced beginning each second period (binary zero) (binary one), except 59th second.
Time-Code Format (based Information Deutsche Bundespost)
time-code format consists 1-minute time frames. There modulation beginning 59th
second indicate switch over next 1-minute time frame. time frame contains BCD-coded information minutes, hours, calendar day, week, month year between 20th second 58th second time frame, including start (200 parity bits Furthermore, there additional bits (transmission reserve antenna), (announcement change-over summer time), (during summer time otherwise ms), (during standard time otherwise (announcement leap second) transmitted between 15th second 19th second time frame.
Rev. 15-Oct-98
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U4224B
Information British Transmitter
Station: Frequency Transmitting power Location: Teddington, Middlesex Geographical coordinates: 22'N, 11'W Time transmission: permanent, except first Tuesday each month from 10.00 14.00
Time frame minute
index count second)
Time frame
year Switch over next time frame
month
hour month week
minute Parity check bits
minute identifier hour minute week month year change impending
7528
Example: March 1993 seconds
year
month Figure
Modulation
carrier amplitude switched beginning each second period (binary zero) (binary one).
Time-Code Format
time-code format consists 1-minute time frames. time frame contains BCD-coded information year, month, calendar day, week, hours minutes. switch-over next time frame, carrier amplitude reduced period prescence fast code during first beginning minute guaranteed. transmission rate bits/s code contains information hour, minute, month.
(16)
Rev. 15-Oct-98
U4224B
Information Transmitter
Station: WWVB Frequency Transmitting power Location: Fort Collins Geographical coordinates: 40'N, 105_ 03'W Time transmission: permanent
Time frame minute
index count second)
Time frame
minutes
hours
days
year sign correction
daylight savings time bits leap second warning leap year indicator leap year leap year
7529
Example: 18.42 Time frame seconds
hours
minutes Frame-reference marker Figure
Modulation
carrier amplitude reduced beginning each second restored within (binary one) within (binary zero).
Time-Code Format
time-code format consists 1-minute time frames. time frame contains BCD1-coded information minutes, hours, days year. addition, there position-identifier markers thru frame-reference marker with reduced carrier amplitude duration.
Rev. 15-Oct-98
(16)
U4224B
Information Japanese Transmitter
Station: JG2AS Frequency Transmitting power Location: Sanwa, Ibaraki Geographical coordinates: 139_ Time transmission: permanent
Time frame minute
(index count second)
Time frame
minutes
hours
code dut1
Example: 18.42 Time frame seconds
minutes Frame-reference marker (FRM) Position-identifier marker
hours Position identifier marker
second: Binary second: Binary zero second: Identifier markers P0.P5
7508
Figure
Modulation
carrier amplitude 100% beginning each second switched after (binary one) after (binary zero).
Time-Code Format
time-code format consists 1-minute time frames. time frame contains BCD-coded information minutes, hours days. addition, there position-identifier markers thru framereference marker (FRM) with reduced carrier amplitude duration.
Ordering Package Information
Extended Type Number U4224B-CFL U4224B-CFLG3 SO16L plastic SO16L plastic Taping according IEC-286-3 Package Remarks
(16)
Rev. 15-Oct-98
U4224B
Package Information
Package SO16L
Dimensions
10.5 10.1 9.25 8.75
2.45 2.25 0.25 0.10 1.27 8.89
2.70 2.45
10.56 10.15
0.49 0.35
technical drawings according specifications
11493
Rev. 15-Oct-98
(16)
U4224B
Ozone Depleting Substances Policy Statement
policy TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH Meet present future national international statutory requirements. Regularly continuously improve performance products, processes, distribution operating systems with respect their impact health safety employees public, well their impact environment. particular concern control eliminate releases those substances into atmosphere which known ozone depleting substances ODSs). Montreal Protocol 1987) London Amendments 1990) intend severely restrict ODSs forbid their within next years. Various national international initiatives pressing earlier these substances. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH been able policy continuous improvements eliminate ODSs listed following documents. Annex list transitional substances Montreal Protocol London Amendments respectively Class ozone depleting substances Clean Amendments 1990 Environmental Protection Agency EPA) Council Decision 88/540/EEC 91/690/EEC Annex transitional substances respectively. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH certify that semiconductors manufactured with ozone depleting substances contain such substances.
reserve right make changes improve technical design without further notice. Parameters vary different applications. operating parameters must validated each customer application customer. Should buyer TEMIC products unintended unauthorized application, buyer shall indemnify TEMIC against claims, costs, damages, expenses, arising directly indirectly, claim personal damage, injury death associated with such unintended unauthorized use. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH, P.O.B. 3535, D-74025 Heilbronn, Germany Telephone: 7131 2594, number: 7131 2423
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Rev. 15-Oct-98
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