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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
Equivalent Full-Range Temperature Coefficient ppm/°C 0.2- Typical Output Impedance Sink-Current Capability Output Noise Adjustable Output Voltage Vref Available Wide Range High-Density Packages
PACKAGE (TOP VIEW)
CATHODE ANODE ANODE
ANODE ANODE
PACKAGE (TOP VIEW)
description
TL431 TL431A three-terminal adjustable shunt regulators with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive, commercial, military temperature ranges. output voltage value between Vref (approximately with external resistors (see Figure 17). These devices have typical output impedance Active output circuitry provides very sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements Zener diodes many applications, such onboard regulation, adjustable power supplies, switching power supplies. TL431C TL431AC characterized operation from 70°C, TL431I TL431AI characterized operation from -40°C 85°C.
CATHODE
ANODE
PACKAGE (TOP VIEW)
CATHODE
ANODE
internal connection PACKAGE (TOP VIEW)
CATHODE ANODE ANODE
PACKAGE (TOP VIEW)
CATHODE ANODE
PACKAGE (TOP VIEW)
CATHODE ANODE
Please aware that important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, critical applications Texas Instruments semiconductor products disclaimers thereto appears this data sheet.
Copyright 2002, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information current publication date. Products conform specifications terms Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does necessarily include testing parameters.
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGE SMALL OUTLINE TL431CD TL431CPSR TL431ACD TL431ACPSR TL431ID TL431AID SOT-23 (DBV) PLASTIC FLANGE MOUNT (KTP) TO-226AA (LP) PLASTIC TL431CP TL431ACP TL431IP TL431AIP PLASTIC SHRINK SMALL OUTLINE (PW) TL431CPWR TL431ACPWR SOT-89 (PK)
70°C
TL431CDBVR
TL431CKTPR
TL431CLP TL431ACLP TL431ILP TL431AILP
TL431CPK
-40°C 85°C
TL431IDBVR
TL431IPK
package available taped reeled. suffix device type (e.g., TL431CDR). DBV, KTP, packages only available taped reeled suffix device type). package also available ammo pack. suffix device type (e.g., TL431CLPM).
symbol
ANODE CATHODE
functional block diagram
CATHODE
Vref
ANODE
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
equivalent schematic
CATHODE 3.28
ANODE component values nominal.
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
Cathode voltage, (see Note Continuous cathode current range, -100 Reference input current range Package thermal impedance, (see Notes package 206°C/W (see Notes package 28°C/W (see Notes package 156°C/W (see Notes package 85°C/W (see Notes package 52°C/W (see Notes package 95°C/W (see Notes package 149°C/W Lead temperature (1/16 inch) from case seconds 260°C Storage temperature range, Tstg -65°C 150°C
Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" cause permanent damage device. These stress ratings only, functional operation device these other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" implied. Exposure absolute-maximum-rated conditions extended periods affect device reliability. NOTES: Voltage values with respect ANODE terminal unless otherwise noted. Maximum power dissipation function TJ(max), maximum allowable power dissipation allowable ambient temperature (TJ(max) TA)/JA. Operating absolute maximum 150°C affect reliability. package thermal impedance calculated accordance with JESD 51-5. package thermal impedance calculated accordance with JESD 51-7.
recommended operating conditions
Cathode voltage Cathode current Operating free-air temperature range free TL431C, TL431AC TL431I, TL431AI Vref UNIT
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electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER Vref VI(dev) Reference voltage Deviation reference voltage over full temperature range (see Figure Ratio change reference voltage change cathode voltage Reference current Deviation reference current over full temperature range (see Figure Minimum cathode current regulation Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance (see Figure TEST CIRCUIT TEST CONDITIONS Vref, TL431C 2440 2495 -1.4 2550 -2.7 UNIT
Vref, 70°C Vref
DVref DVKA
Iref II(dev) Imin Ioff |zKA|
70°C Vref Vref Vref,
deviation parameters Vref(dev) Iref(dev) defined differences between maximum minimum values obtained over recommended temperature range. average full-range temperature coefficient reference voltage, Vref, defined
aVref
I(dev) 25°C
Maximum Vref VI(dev) Minimum Vref
where: recommended operating free-air temperature range device. Vref positive negative, depending whether minimum Vref maximum Vref, respectively, occurs lower temperature. Example: maximum Vref 2496 30°C, minimum Vref 2492 0°C, Vref 2495 25°C, 70°C TL431C
aVref
2495 70°C
DVKA
Because minimum Vref occurs lower temperature, coefficient positive. Calculating Dynamic Impedance dynamic impedance defined
When device operating with external resistors (see Figure total dynamic impedance circuit given
Figure Calculating Deviation Parameters Dynamic Impedance
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER Vref VI(dev) Reference voltage Deviation reference voltage over full temperature range (see Figure Ratio change reference voltage change cathode voltage Reference current Deviation reference current over full temperature range (see Figure Minimum cathode current regulation Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance (see Figure TEST CIRCUIT TEST CONDITIONS Vref, TL431I 2440 2495 -1.4 2550 -2.7 UNIT
Vref, -40°C 85°C Vref
DVref DVKA
Iref II(dev) Imin Ioff |zKA|
-40°C 85°C Vref Vref Vref,
POST OFFICE 655303
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER Vref VI(dev) Reference voltage Deviation reference voltage over full temperature range (see Figure Ratio change reference voltage change cathode voltage Reference current Deviation reference current over full temperature range (see Figure Minimum cathode current regulation Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance (see Figure TEST CIRCUIT TEST CONDITIONS Vref, TL431AC 2470 2495 -1.4 2520 -2.7 UNIT
Vref, 70°C Vref
DVref DVKA
Iref II(dev) Imin Ioff |zKA|
70°C Vref Vref Vref,
electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER Vref VI(dev) Reference voltage Deviation reference voltage over full temperature range (see Figure Ratio change reference voltage change cathode voltage Reference current Deviation reference current over full temperature range (see Figure Minimum cathode current regulation Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance (see Figure TEST CIRCUIT TEST CONDITIONS Vref, TL431AI 2470 2495 -1.4 2520 -2.7 UNIT
Vref, -40°C 85°C Vref
DVref DVKA
Iref II(dev) Imin Ioff |zKA|
-40°C 85°C Vref Vref Vref,
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
Input
Vref
Figure Test Circuit Vref
Input Iref
Vref
Figure Test Circuit Vref
Input Ioff
Figure Test Circuit Ioff
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table Graphs
FIGURE Reference input voltage Free-air temperature Reference input current Free-air temperature Cathode current Cathode voltage Off-state cathode current Free-air temperature Ratio delta reference voltage change cathode voltage Free-air temperature Equivalent input noise voltage Frequency Equivalent input noise voltage over 10-second period Small-signal voltage amplification Frequency Reference impedance Frequency Pulse response Stability boundary conditions
Table Application Circuits
FIGURE Shunt regulator Single-supply comparator with temperature-compensated threshold Precision high-current series regulator Output control three-terminal fixed regulator High-current shunt regulator Crowbar circuit Precision 1.5-A regulator Efficient precision regulator converter with reference Voltage monitor Delay timer Precision current limiter Precision constant-current sink
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
REFERENCE VOLTAGE FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
2600 2580 Reference Voltage 2560 2540 2520 2500 2480 2460 2440 2420 2400 Vref 2440 Vref 2495 Vref Vref 2550 Reference Current
REFERENCE CURRENT FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
Free-Air Temperature Data devices having indicated value Vref 25°C.
Free-Air Temperature
Figure
CATHODE CURRENT CATHODE VOLTAGE
Cathode Current -100 -200 Cathode Current Vref 25°C Vref 25°C
Figure
CATHODE CURRENT CATHODE VOLTAGE
Imin
Cathode Voltage
Cathode Voltage
Figure
Figure
Data high temperatures applicable only within recommended operating free-air temperature ranges various devices.
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
RATIO DELTA REFERENCE VOLTAGE DELTA CATHODE VOLTAGE FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
0.85 Vref Off-State Cathode Current mV/V -1.05 0.95
OFF-STATE CATHODE CURRENT FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
-1.15
-1.25
-1.35
-1.45
Free-Air Temperature
Free-Air Temperature
Figure
EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE FREQUENCY
Equivalent Input Noise Voltage Frequency 25°C
Figure
Figure
Data high temperatures applicable only within recommended operating free-air temperature ranges various devices.
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE OVER 10-SECOND PERIOD
Equivalent Input Noise Voltage 19.1 Time 25°C
2000 Oscilloscope
TL431 (DUT)
TLE2027 V/mV TLE2027
Figure Test Circuit Equivalent Input Noise Voltage
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SMALL-SIGNAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION FREQUENCY
Small-Signal Voltage Amplification 25°C 8.25 Output
TEST CIRCUIT VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION
Frequency
Figure
REFERENCE IMPEDANCE FREQUENCY
25°C Output
Reference Impedance
TEST CIRCUIT REFERENCE IMPEDANCE
Frequency
Figure
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PULSE RESPONSE
25°C Input Input Output Voltage Output Pulse Generator Output
TEST CIRCUIT PULSE RESPONSE
Time
Figure
STABILITY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Cathode Current Stable Stable 0.001 0.01 Vref 25°C
VBATT
TEST CIRCUIT CURVE
Load Capacitance VBATT
areas under curves represent conditions that cause device oscillate. curves were adjusted establish initial conditions with VBATT then were adjusted determine ranges stability.
TEST CIRCUIT CURVES
Figure
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
(see Note VI(BATT) 0.1% Vref 0.1% RETURN NOTE should provide cathode current TL431 minimum VI(BATT). TL431
Figure Shunt Regulator
VI(BATT)
TL431 Input
Voff VI(BATT)
Figure Single-Supply Comparator With Temperature-Compensated Threshold
VI(BATT) (see Note 0.01 TL431 0.1% 0.1% 2N222 2N222
NOTE should provide cathode current TL431 minimum VI(BATT).
Figure Precision High-Current Series Regulator
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
VI(BATT) uA7805 Common TL431
Minimum
Figure Output Control Three-Terminal Fixed Regulator
VI(BATT)
TL431
Figure High-Current Shunt Regulator
VI(BATT) TL431 (see Note
NOTE Refer stability boundary conditions Figure determine allowable values
Figure Crowbar Circuit
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
VI(BATT) LM317 0.1%
Adjust
TL431 0.1%
Figure Precision 1.5-A Regulator
VI(BATT) (see Note
27.4 0.1% TL431 27.4 0.1%
NOTE should provide cathode current TL431.
Figure Efficient Precision Regulator
0.1% Used TL598
TL431 0.1%
Feedback
Figure Converter With Reference
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
(see Note VI(BATT) TL431 (see Note Limit
High Limit
When Limit VI(BATT) High Limit
NOTE selected provide desired intensity cathode current TL431 available VI(BATT).
Figure Voltage Monitor
TL431
Delay
Figure Delay Timer
VI(BATT)
0.1%
TL431
I(BATT)
Figure Precision Current Limiter
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TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
VI(BATT)
TL431 0.1%
Figure Precision Constant-Current Sink
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